pieece



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. D. PIERCE.

Stove. No'. 242,363. Paentevd May 31,1881.

2 Sheets-,Sheet 2.

J. D. PIERCE.

Stove.

Patented May 31, ESSE..

N. PETERS, PhuhrLNhQgmphnr. washingtun. D1;

TATES Erice.

.erreur JAMES D. PIERCE, OF MILWAUKEE, WVISGONSIN, ASSIGNOR TO DUTGHER & VOSE, OF SAME PLAGE.

STOVE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 242,363, dated May 31, 1881.

Application led December 22, 1877.

To all whom it may concern: l

Be it known that I, JAMEs D. PIERCE, of Milwaukee, in the county of Milwaukee and State of Wisconsin, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Heating-Stoves, of which the following is a specification.

I have improved that kind of stove known as a surface-burner77 with a reverberatory dome-chamber, and my improvement consists of a special construction, in which a flue of upwardly-daring chutes is arranged at the top of the re-pot, so as to open therein and into the deine-chamber, and so that each chute will form an enlarged in tcrior entrance for the products of combustion to the exit-pipes, create an effective draft, and distribute the iiame equally around and within the fines into which the exit-pipes open. This flaring flue forms a ring of radial divisions at the base of the dome outside of its chamber and below the {eed-doors, which open into the side of said dome.' The relation of said flaring ue of radial chutes to the fire-pot, the dome-chamber, and the feeddoors is important, as it is such relation that causes the fire to burn with the lower drafts closed, and with a mere crevice made by the feed-doors, so that the fuel will be consumed down to the grate and the stove adapted to burn soft coal with open doors. It is also important that the feed-doors be arranged to open directly within the side of the dome above the aring fine-chutes and above the entrance of the exit-pipes into said flue-chutes, so that when the doors are open and the lower drafts are closed the draft will be made effective within the flaring flue by the radial ribs, which divide said iiue into a series of upward and outwardly inclined chutes, into which said pipes enter, so that the products of combustion from the dome and the iiame from the fire enter the said flue-chutes, and it is within theselow-down Hue-chutes that the combustion is made most effective. These radial chute-formin g ribs also serve to strengthen the base-plate of ,the dome and prevent its warping. The dome extends into the open bottom of a central hotair charnber, which is surrounded by an outer drum, into which the exit-dues enter, whereby the radiated heat from the dome and from the outer drum is concentrated in the central hot-air chamber, from which pipes may lead to warm other rooms of the house, or into an upper drum, as may be desired.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure l represents a vertical section of a heating-stove embracing myimprovements, Fig. 2 a top view, and Fig. 3 a front view, ofso much of the stove as shows the feed slide-doors. Fig. 4t isa horizontal section taken on the line l l of Fig. l, and Fig. 5 is a similar section taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1, showing more particularly'the wide ring-Hue of radial chutes and the relation of such ring-Hue of chutes to the exit-pipes.

Between the fire-pot B and a dome, C, a ue of upwardly-inclined radial chutes is formed so as to open into the dre-pot and into the dome. This flue is of a depth only sufcient to allow the products of combustion to pass off, and is formed by an upward and outward extension of the top of the lire-pot, a horizontal base-plate of the dome, and radial plates or ribs c of triangular form arranged to divide the said flue into open chutes e flaring from the top of the fire-pot proper. Into these fluechutes the vertical pipes l) open, and as said chutes also open into the fire-pot and the domechamber, they thereby serve to render the draft effective and uniform from the iire-pot and from the dome-chamber, so that combustion of the gases is most effective within these uechutes around the base of the dome. The gases in combustion in the dome are drawn into these chutes, and the flame from the fire is also drawn iut-o these chutes, producing a bright fire even with the feed-doors open. The products of combustion pass from the flue-chutes through the pipes D, which are arranged outside of and concentric with the dome, and open into a drum, G, above the dome.

The feed-doors M M open directly into the side of the dome C and above the flue-chutes, and it is the relation which these parts bear to each other that produces the good results in combustion within the flue of radial chutes and prevents the gases from comin g out when using the stove with au open fire.

The inner edges of the chute-forming plates stand about in line with the inner wall of the rire-pot and join the dome at its lower edge,

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and are of a form corresponding in cross-sec tion with the flue-space formed by the flaring extension of the fire-pot and the horizontal base-plate of the dome, and their arrangement is such that the ilues D open into the chutes and the latter practically form side funnel-entrances to the pipes D around the surface of thereandaroundthebaseofthedome. Openings E, to admit air into these uecliutes, may be formed, as in Fig. 1; but they are not essential to obtain the results stated.

A central hot-air chamber, E', is arranged within t-he outer drum, Gr, which receives the products of combustion from the pipes D, but, unlike said drum, said hot-air chamber is open at the bottom, and the dome C extends a short distance into the open bottom of said center chamber, so as to heat the air passing therein through its open bottom by radiation, while the outer drum surrounds the center chamber and extends over it, so that it is also heated by contact with the hot gases issuing from the fines D and passing out of said drum into the smoke-pipe H.

Pipes F F extend from the top ofthe hot-air chamber E into a second hot-air chamber, I, surmounting the drum G, and from which it may pass into the room in which the stove is placed by the register-openin gs K, or by suitable pipe into other rooms by the valve L. rlhe smoke-pipe H passes out through this second hot-air chamber, so that the fullest benefit is obtained from the radiation of the heat.

The hot-air chamber E being open at the bottom and closed at the top, except the pipes F F, the dome entering into said open bottom and the pipes D surrounding the said open bottom, the air passes into the said chamber over the hot surfaces of the dome and its surrounding pipes, and passes from said chamber highly heated. By this construction the chamber E forms an open receiver for the air to be heated, and its arrangement within the drum G, and partially surrounding the crown of the dome, causes it te receive the full effect of the radiated heat. This second hot-air chamber, however, may be dispensed with, and the pipes F F lead to other rooms, or open into a room in which the stove is placed.

The stove has the usual ash-pit, A, grate N, and base-damper 0.

In using the stove with an open fire the dome forms atire-place, as the feed-openin g is formed by side plates from said dome. The ring of fluechutes is interrupted by the feed-opening, and at such interruption the lower edge ofthe doors is about on a line with the base of the domefaud the top of the flue-chutes, so that when theI doors are open the draftwill be drawn into the chutes from the dome-chamber.

It is important that the spaces between the ribs e should be considerably wider than the openings of the pipes D, in order that the gases maybe concentrated in combustion within the ring-fine before passing out through said pipes; and itis important that these ribs should be of triangular form, with their longest sides joining the bottom of the ilarin g flue, their shortest sides joining the base of the dome, and their points terminating at or near the top ofthe fire-pot on a line, or nearly so, with the inner wall thereof', so that thc gases in combustion will be concentrated in the wide spaces between the triangular ribs, and pass therefrom through the comparatively small openings of the pipes D, which rise from the middle of said spaces.

I am aware that a dome has been arranged over the fire-pot to form, in connection with it, a reverberatory chamber with exit-pipes arranged around the base of said dome and opening into the fire-pot, thatin such acombination the walls of the fire-pot have been corrugated to obtain heatin g-surface, the corrugations communicatin g with the exit-fines openin g into the combustion-chamber beneath the base of the dome, and extending to the grates, and that the inner folds of such corrugations have been formed with sli ghtly-proj ectin g ribs in vertical lines coincident with the inner walls ofthe dome for increasing the thickness ofthe folds within the fire-chamber at the points where the destructive effects of the fire would be mostly produced upon the corrugations and to form holds for a lining of fire-clay. Such ribs can have no function as flue-chutes; nor do the corrugations form. a wide ring-flue to retain the gases in combustion beneath the exit-pipes, as in my construction of triangular ribs arranged to form wide chutes within said ringfiue beneath the dome-chamber and below the feed-doors.

A central hot-air ch amber has also been combined with an inclcsing-drum and a dome forinin g a reverberatory chamber to the fire-pot, so that said chamber receives air at its bottom over the hot outer surface of the dome by pipes arranged over and upon the Walls ot' said dome and opening into an outer hot-air drum; and I do not claim, broadly, surmounting the dome with a hot-air chamber receiving air at its bottom over the dome.

I claim- 1. In a heating-stove, the combination, with the fire-pot and the dome, of the radial triangular :ribs c, arranged to form aring-iiue of ra` dial chutes e within the flaring top of the fire-pot, and the exit-pipes D, openinginto said chutes between the triangular ribs, the said ring-flue serving to concentrate the gases in combustion beneath the exit-pipes, substantially as described.

2. The combination, in a heating-stove, of the fire-pot, the dome, a flue of radial flaring chutes opening into the dome-chamber, and the fire-pot, and the exitne pipes D, opening into said radial flaring iiuechutes, substantially as described, with a feed door or doors arranged above said flue of radial flaring chutes and opening into the side of the dome, substantially as described, for the purpose specified.

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bottom, the several parts being arranged and constructed substantially as described.

JAMES D. PIERCE.

Witnesses:

J. B. SMITH, H. C. KOCH, 

